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Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of lipocalin 2 (LCN2) combined with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in prostate cancer (PCa).Methods Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the levels of serum LCN2 in patients with PCa (PCa group,n =82),patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH group,n =40) and healthy subjects (NC group,n =30).The levels of serum PSA were measured by chemiluminescence.The diagnostic value of LCN2 combined with PSA in PCa was analyzed by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.The relationship between the level of LCN2 and clinical parameters in PCa patients was analyzed.Results The levels of serum LCN2 in PCa group,BPH group and NC group were (88.97 ±40.83) pg/ml,(53.12 ±25.66) pg/ml,(13.34 ±4.86) pg/ml (F=61.306,P ＜0.001).The level of LCN2 in PCa group was significantly higher than that in BPH group and NC group (both P＜0.001).The levels of serum PSA in PCa group,BPH group and NC group were (17.65 ± 8.43) ng/ml,(11.27 ±3.56) ng/ml,(2.61 ±0.87) ng/ml (F=60.959,P＜0.001).The level of serum PSA in PCa group was significantly higher than that in BPH group and NC group (both P ＜0.001).There was positive correlation between serum LCN2 and PSA levels (r =0.360,P ＜ 0.001).The levels of serum LCN2 in PCa patients with different Gleason score,TNM stage and distant metastasis were significantly different (F =8.546,P ＜ 0.001;t =3.421,P =0.001;t =3.622,P =0.010).The area under the curve (AUC) of serum LCN2 was 0.763 (95％ CI:0.677-0.850,P ＜0.001).The sensitivity and specificity of serum LCN2 were 62.2％ and 85.0％.The AUC of PSA was 0.750 (95％ CI:0.665-0.836,P ＜ 0.001).The sensitivity and specificity of serum PSA were 51.2％ and 87.5％.The AUC of LCN2 combined with PSA was 0.822 (95％ CI:0.749-0.895,P ＜0.001).Conclusion Serum LCN2 level in the patients with PCa is significantly higher,which participates in tumor invasion.LCN2 may be a potential serum marker for the diagnosis of PCa.Combined detection of LCN2 and PSA contributes to the early diagnosis of PCa.
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Objective To investigate the relationship of preoperative level of serum anterior gradient 2 (AGR2)with clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients with prostate cancer. Methods The serum levels of AGR2 were detected by ELISA in 72 patients with prostate cancer, 30 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and 20 healthy controls. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to determine the optimal cut-off value of clinical diagnosis, and to analyze the diagnostic value of serum AGR2 in prostate cancer. Kaplan-Meier method was used to plot the survival curve. Log-rank test was used to analyze the difference of survival time between the two groups. The effect of AGR2 on the prognosis of prostate cancer patients was analyzed by Cox regression. Results The level of serum AGR2 in prostate cancer group was obviously higher than those in BPH group and health control group (t=4.441, t=5.285, both P<0.01).Serum AGR2 level was correlated with Gleason score,tumor stage, lymph node metastasis and preoperative PSA level (F=11.343, F=9.613, t=3.882, t=7.514, all P<0.01). The area under the ROC curve(AUC) of AGR2 was 0.803(95%CI 0.726-0.880,P=0.000), when the cut-off value was 17.25 ng/ml, the sensitivity rate was 63.9%, specificity rate was 80.0%. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the survival rate in low AGR2 expression group was significantly higher than that in high AGR2 expression group (χ 2=5.565, P=0.018). Cox regression analysis showed that AGR2 was an independent risk factor for prostate cancer patients (HR=5.412, 95%CI 1.143-25.624, P=0.033). Conclusions The elevated level of serum AGR2 is related with tumor progression in prostate cancer. It may be a potential marker for predicting prognosis of patients with prostate cancer.
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Objective To investigate the relationship of preoperative level of serum anterior gradient 2 (AGR2)with clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients with prostate cancer. Methods The serum levels of AGR2 were detected by ELISA in 72 patients with prostate cancer, 30 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and 20 healthy controls. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to determine the optimal cut-off value of clinical diagnosis, and to analyze the diagnostic value of serum AGR2 in prostate cancer. Kaplan-Meier method was used to plot the survival curve. Log-rank test was used to analyze the difference of survival time between the two groups. The effect of AGR2 on the prognosis of prostate cancer patients was analyzed by Cox regression. Results The level of serum AGR2 in prostate cancer group was obviously higher than those in BPH group and health control group (t=4.441, t=5.285, both P<0.01).Serum AGR2 level was correlated with Gleason score,tumor stage, lymph node metastasis and preoperative PSA level (F=11.343, F=9.613, t=3.882, t=7.514, all P<0.01). The area under the ROC curve(AUC) of AGR2 was 0.803(95%CI 0.726-0.880,P=0.000), when the cut-off value was 17.25 ng/ml, the sensitivity rate was 63.9%, specificity rate was 80.0%. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the survival rate in low AGR2 expression group was significantly higher than that in high AGR2 expression group (χ 2=5.565, P=0.018). Cox regression analysis showed that AGR2 was an independent risk factor for prostate cancer patients (HR=5.412, 95%CI 1.143-25.624, P=0.033). Conclusions The elevated level of serum AGR2 is related with tumor progression in prostate cancer. It may be a potential marker for predicting prognosis of patients with prostate cancer.
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Objective In order to choose the best surgical approach for minimally trauma varicocelectomy color Doppler ultrasound(CDU) was used to detect the anatomic relationships of spermatic vein in groin. Methods Sixty varicocele patients were randomly selected. Their spermatic veins were examined by CDU which beginning from superficial inguinal ring,passing the crossing point of spermatic vein and femoral artery ,and ending at the 3cm above the deep inguinal ring. The depths from skin to spennatic vein were measured and the relationships between spermatic vein and femoral artery were recorded. Results The average length of incision is 2.1cm and the average duration of operation is 22 minutes. The average depth from skin to spermatic vein was 1.1cm,1.55cm and 3.56cm respectively at the site of the superficial inguinal ring,the crossing point of spermatic vein and femoral artery,and the deep ingui-nal ring. Conclusion The best approach for minimally trauma varicocelectomy is at the crossing point of spermatic vein and femoral artery because here the spermatic vein is relative superficial and has merged into two or three vessels and the femoral artery can be easily touched by fingers.
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Objective To study the effects of PIAS3 knocking down on the proliferation,cell cycle and apoptosis of human prostate cancer cell line DU145 in vitro.Methods PIAS3 specific short hairpin RNA(shRNA) expressing plasmid was constructed and named pSilencer4.1/PIAS3.DU145 cells were transfected with pSilencer4.1/PIAS3.The proliferation of DU145 cells was analyzed by MTT assay.Cell cycle and apoptosis of DU145 cells were analyzed by flowcytometry.Results PIAS3 shRNA expressing plasmid was succefully constructed and then confirmed by sequencing.Expression of PIAS3 in DU145 was significantly reduced after pSilencer4.1/PIAS3 transfection.MTT assay showned accelerated proliferation after PIAS3 knocking down,and showned dose-effect curve.Flowcytometry showed cells in S phase increased,cells in G0/G1 decreased and percentage of apoptotic cells decreased after PIAS3 knocking down.Conclusion Knocking down of PIAS3 expression accelerates DU145 cell proliferation and inhibit cell apoptosis in vitro.